Master calculating cost of equity in Excel using CAPM. Discover step-by-step guidance on market return, risk-free rate, and beta components for effective investment decisions.

Every thriving business relies on a robust return on investment (ROI) to help gauge whether its investments are yielding a profit. Although you as an individual investor possess shallower pockets than ...

Real rate of return adjusts for inflation, providing a true growth measure. S&P 500's real rate is 7.9%, versus a nominal 11.8%, due to inflation. Using real rates in retirement planning ensures ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Korok Ray is a PhD economist/professor who researches/teaches Bitcoin. At Bitcoin 2024 in Nashville, Saylor mentioned a 29% AAR as ...