Stochastic fluid dynamics extends classical fluid mechanics by incorporating randomness and uncertainty directly into the governing equations. This approach utilises stochastic differential equations ...

Turbulence is one of the least understood phenomena of the physical world. Long considered too hard to understand and predict mathematically, turbulence is the reason the Navier-Stokes equations, ...

Scientific progress is not usually straightforward. Researchers pursue and abandon lines of inquiry. Results languish. Theories take decades to cohere. But sometimes the accumulation of scientific ...

A 115-year effort to bridge the particle and fluid descriptions of nature has led mathematicians to an unexpected answer. In 1900, the great mathematician David Hilbert presented a list of 23 unsolved ...