Circuit simulation and software workbooks like Matlab and Jupyter are great for being able to build things without a lot of overhead. But these all have some learning curve and often use clever tricks ...

The term orthogonality derives from the study of vectors. Most likely you have run across the term in basic trigonometry or calculus. By definition, two vectors in a plane are orthogonal when they are ...

In previous installments of DSP Spreadsheet, we’ve looked at generating signals, mixing them, and filtering them. If you start trying to work with DSP, though, you’ll find a topic that always rears ...

This simple circuit has been designed to generate sine waves with a frequency of 1 KHz while featuring low distortion and low output impedance until 1 V RMS as it obtains power from batteries. Sine ...

When evaluating the dynamic performance of precision analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) using fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, coherent sampling typically is used to accurately measure the ...

The circuit of Figure 1 generates sinusoids down to very low frequencies with distortion in the region of 3% or less, yet has no feedback or gain-stabilizing components because none are needed. It ...