Configuring a phase locked loop (PLL) for a given frequency synthesis application can simultaneously be both a quick-and easy-process as well as a time-consuming, tedious, and iterative process. This ...

Few topics in electrical engineering have demanded as much attention over the years as the phase-locked loop (PLL). The PLL is arguably one of the most important building blocks necessary for modern ...

A special technique produces very wide loop BWs in high-frequency PLLs (and hence, indirect (PLL) synthesizers), thereby achieving very low phase noise rivaling that of direct (MMD) synthesizers. A ...

Microwave frequency generation has posed significant challenges to engineers over the years, requiring in-depth knowledge of analog, digital, and radio frequency (RF) and microwave ...

A PLL (phase-locked loop) is perhaps the most widely used analog circuit in SOCs (system-on-a-chip). Almost all SOCs with a clock rate over 30MHz use a PLL for frequency synthesis. Most SOCs use more ...

Few topics in electrical engineering have demanded as much attention over the years as the phase-locked loop (PLL). The PLL is arguably one of the most important building blocks necessary for modern ...

This is Part 2 of a three-part series. As discussed in Part 1 and recapped here, modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher ...