Researchers commonly culture bacteria for many purposes, such as to screen pharmaceuticals and manufacture vaccines. In these cases, shake flasks have been commonly and generally used for over 90 ...

While industrial bioprocesses have been operated in fed-batch mode for a long time, the screening of high-producer cell lines and a lot of other development work is still performed in batch mode for a ...

Researchers have found that flame-sterilizing shake-flasks, to avoid introducing microbial contaminants, considerably increases the carbon dioxide concentration in the flasks. This enhanced carbon ...